1/18/2012

High fuel consumption in the Kingdom of 7% annually for the lack of public transport


Doha : Qatar | Aug 13, 2011 at 8:14 PM PDT
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Warned a specialist in the oil sector and the energy of the growing proportion of domestic consumption of fuel, which comes at the expense of the outside after the rise in export production capacity of refineries to Saudi Arabia 2.1 million barrels in January 1, 2011, up nearly 7% annually.The economic importance of the specialist counter growing domestic consumption made a strategic decision to establish a network of public transport within and outside the cities and then balance the fuel prices to the point of balance between income and consumption and help to encourage citizens to use transportation and avoid negative effects such as congestion and pollution.He told "Al-Riyadh" Member of the Association of Energy Economics International, Dr. Fahad Bin Juma: the Saudis in the fourth place in the world after America and China and Russia, where consume 2.8 million barrels a day, an annual increase of about 7%, raising the consumption in 2010 increased by 78% compared with 2000.He said I combined to Government support for fuel price cut the price in May 2006 by up to more than 30 percent and diesel by 32% to price ranges liter between 45 and 60 halalas while its price in the Kingdom of Bahrain 1.01 Real, Kuwait 0.85 halalas, Oman 1.16 riyals, and UAE 1.80 Real, and in Qatar 0.83 SR.He said I Gomaa said restructuring of fuel prices and raising prices is not a solution to the problem, useful to have participated in the study raise the prices of gasoline to 120 SR in 1997 to be close to the prices of the Gulf States where they were refused the study, because higher prices are not a solution because it is a pressure on the people with the low income which limits the social well-being and freedom of movement in the absence of public transport specifications commensurate with the level of living of the citizens.And has shown that raising prices to high levels will limit the jam the roads and environmental pollution and waste of economic fortunes, but must be accompanied by the provision of trains between the cities and metro within the city with a bus specification developed, stressing the need for a strategic decision to create a public transportation network within and outside the cities and then raise prices to the extent that balance between income and consumption and encourage citizens to use transportation and avoid negative effects such as congestion and pollution.
Shaziakhan is based in Kahror Pakka, Punjab, Pakistan, and is a Reporter for Allvoices.
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Saudi Arabia has 283 trillion cubic feet of gas



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20/12/2011
BAGHDAD - agencies

An official source said that Saudi Arabia has 283 trillion cubic feet of natural gas and occupies fourth place globally in the size of reserves, noting that the value of Saudi Aramco exceed $8 trillion, which has the largest proven oil reserves exceeding 264 billion barrels.

And replaced Iranian Oil Company in the second place, and took control of the results of this year, despite achieving the Chinese oil companies, Russian and Canadian centers, advanced, and continued to compete with emerging markets for international companies.

The classification adopted on the size of the operational rather than market capitalization, or other financial metrics, in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the development of the oil industry, was incorporated six operational criteria included oil and gas reserves and production, and sale of products and the ability of refineries to refineries.

The newspaper «Riyadh» last Saturday about Dr. Fahd bin Juma Member of the Association of Energy Economics International as saying that Saudi Aramco has shown great results since the beginning of oil exploration in 1933, and production of oil and gas refining, marketing and distribution locally through a network of pipelines with a length of about 20 thousand kilometers, and globally by Vela International Marine of the Saudi Aramco is currently composed of 30 large and medium-sized tanker to Asia, North America and Europe.

The «Aramco exports of oil is approximately 6.5 million barrels per day, and refined products is 52.7 to Asia and 1.7 to the United States and 3.1 the Mediterranean region and 37.1 to other regions, and acquires the kingdom about 100 field, head of oil and natural gas are spread out more than 1500 wells.

He pointed out that given the global estimates of the value of Saudi Aramco, they exceed $8 trillion, making it the most valuable in the world, has the largest proven oil reserves exceeding 264 billion barrels, 20% of global reserves, the second largest oil producer in the world after Russia, the equivalent of 9.5 million barrels per day in 2011 and has the largest energy global oil production up to 12 million barrels per day.

He pointed out that Saudi Arabia accounted for by 57 of the Gulf's oil reserves and 29 per of the total reserves of OPEC's total refining capacity refineries 4163 million barrels per day, including international joint ventures and local ».

The bin Juma in the same context that Saudi Aramco has the largest network of hydrocarbon in the world system and gas major, where the Kingdom aims to intensify the exploitation of gas resources due to achieve added value to the national economy and its contribution to the development and diversification of sources of non-oil revenues, and with complete fields Karan and Manifa, Arab and Alhbbah rise gas processing capacity to 15 billion cubic feet by the year 2015.

He said that Saudi Aramco has approximately 283 trillion cubic feet of proven natural gas reserves in the world (4.3 of the world), and thus occupies the fourth place worldwide after Russia, Iran and Qatar.

He announced that Saudi Aramco agreed in 2011 with the (Dow Chemical) to establish a joint venture to build and operate a global integrated chemicals complex in Jubail Industrial City at a cost of about $20 billion.

Ibn al-Fri that in the field of natural gas there is a major Saudi investment is the largest in the world, and future projects will raise the amounts of feedstock gas plants for the next 9 to 15 billion cubic feet.

Should govt cap expat remittances?


Wednesday, 18 January 2012  -  23 Safar 1433 H  
FRONT PAGE
By Mohannad Sharawi

Saudi Gazette

JEDDAH — There has been an intense debate in the country since October this year when Adel Fakieh, Minister of Labor, announced that the government was considering capping the remittances of expatriates to their home countries.
Details have been sketchy but the minister was quoted as saying that a proposal was being studied by the Labor Ministry and the Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency (SAMA), the country’s central bank.
The government has raised the issue because it is concerned that the eight million foreign workers in the country are not spending the bulk of their incomes inside the Kingdom, which it says is hurting the Saudi economy. Remittances from Saudi Arabia to other countries last year were reportedly around SR100 billion.
Fakieh added that the government also wants to ensure all remittances take place through legal banking channels. However, he announced no timeline or date for when new relevant legislation will be drafted and implemented.
A number of Saudi economists and analysts have welcomed the minister’s suggestion arguing that monitoring the accounts of both Saudis and expatriates will protect the economy from illegal and uncontrolled remittances transferred abroad.
Dr. Fahad Bin Juma’a, an economic adviser, said that the reported SR100 billion sent out of the country last year was a result of the country’s “underground economy”, which takes place outside official banking channels.
“Many money transfers happen illegally, often in the form of commodities such as jewelry, or the illegal use of accounts at Saudi banks,” he said.
Dr. Juma’a added that the proposal will allow the Ministry of Labor to update information on the deposits and salaries of workers. “Such controls will protect the rights of both the employer and the worker because all amounts will be accounted for through legal channels. The system also prevents people using some Saudi bank accounts for illegal expatriate remittances.”
Abdul Wahab Abu Dahish, a Saudi economic researcher, concurred with this view. He said all shops should be compelled to have all their transactions through approved bank accounts. He stressed that the government must plug this leakage of cash from the country.
“We have deficits in our non-oil budget. I admit that our general budget has been making surpluses since 2003 but at the same time there have been accumulated shortfalls in the non-oil sectors since 2002. This is clearly not sustainable for the Saudi Arabian economy,”Abu Dahish said.
Ali Baselm, director of the transfer department of Al-Amoudi Exchange Company, disagrees with the proposal arguing that it will affect the financial freedom of workers, which he believes is one of the most important principles underlying the Saudi economy.
He said that there should be no difference between Saudis and others in terms of economic and financial rights, which includes the flow and movement of individual funds, remittances and other financial transactions.
“The labor market in the Kingdom is considered the best job market in the region because it offers various freedoms and advantages for workers which is seen in the annual transfers abroad of $26 billion.”
“I support efforts to control illegal funds but I disagree with any measure to take away the financial freedom of workers,” he said.
June Dimalanta, a Filipino expatriate working as a technician, said that all legitimate and legal financial transactions should not be controlled. Workers should be allowed to send their own money home to their families.
“Although the total amount of remittances is huge, this is still lawful and is not greater than the value added to the Saudi economy by foreign labor, which in turns contributes to the national output of the Kingdom.”
Adnan, a Jordanian engineer, said that he agreed with some form of control over illegal remittances, and added that it was still unclear what the ministry wants to do.
“According to 2010 statistics, there are about 8.4 million foreign workers in the country, representing 31 percent of the entire population. A total of six million workers are employed in the private sector. This shows the extent to which foreign workers are contributing to the growth of the Saudi economy,” he said.
“The Minister of Labor has not clearly outlined what is going to happen, whether it is a system to monitor all bank accounts of foreign workers and capping financial transfers, or whether it will be some form of legislative oversight to prevent violations of the country’s labor laws.”
“Everyone knows that the Saudi market is packed with unauthorized workers. I would agree with a system that controls the financial benefits and illegal transfers of these workers,” he added. __

1/17/2012

هل تحقق أسعار الذهب أرقام قياسيه في 2012؟


إعداد: د. فهد محمد بن جمعة                                                                         
التاريخ: 14-12–2011م

مازال سعر الذهب الفوري هذه الأيام تحت ضغط  ارتفاع الدولار وتحذير (ستاندر أند بورز)  لست دول أوروبية مصنفة ( AAA ) بأنها معرضة لخطر الديون السيادية وتخفيض معدلاتها الائتمانية، مما تسبب في البيع على نطاق واسع في الأسواق المالية بعد إن كسر السعر حاجز 1700 دولار للأوقية إلى 1668 دولار. وكانت أسعار الذهب متقلبة جداً خلال عام 2011 ، حيث وصلت إلى 1,895 دولار مرتين في أوائل سبتمبر.

أسعار الذهب بالعملات الرئيسية للأوقية
الين
جنيه إسترليني
يورو
دولار
الشهر
108,721.1
828.5
967.9
1,327.0
1/31/2011
115,603.2
867.5
1,021.6
1,411.0
2/28/2011
119,264.3
897.7
1,014.0
1,439.0
3/31/2011
124,590.5
920.6
1,035.0
1,535.5
4/29/2011
124,825.2
933.5
1,068.8
1,536.5
5/31/2011
121,584.2
937.7
1,038.4
1,505.5
6/30/2011
125,703.9
992.1
1,133.3
1,628.5
7/29/2011
138,678.3
1,113.8
1,259.6
1,813.5
8/31/2011
124,869.6
1,039.9
1,207.4
1,620.0
9/30/2011
134,272.9
1,066.8
1,234.6
1,722.0
10/31/2011
135,542.0
1,110.1
1,297.0
1,746.0
11/30/2011
المصدر: المجلس العالمي للذهب
إلا إن اتفاق الزعماء الأوربيون لصياغة معاهدة جديدة للمزيد من التكامل الاقتصادي ومعاقبه أي  عضو لا يلتزم بموازنة ميزانيته كان له ردت فعل سلبية عند المستثمرين وتشكيكهم فيه، رغم ذلك كان تأثيره الايجابي على أسواق الأسهم والسلع العالمية. هكذا ارتفعت أسعار الذهب مع تفاؤل الأسواق بما اتفق عليه القادة الأوربيون لتحقيق أكبر قدر من التكامل الاقتصادي، إلا أن عدم رغبة البنك المركزي الأوروبي في القيام بعمليات شراء كثيفة للسندات الحكومية تزامنا مع إجازة رأس نهاية السنة سيكون له تأثير على مستوى السيولة في الأسواق المالية، مما قد ينتج عنه تحركات مفاجئة وحادة. فضلا عن ارتفاع شهية المستثمرين للديون الأوروبية ومراقبه مزاد سندات إيطاليا وإسبانيا التي تم بيعها عند أسعار فائدة اقل من السابق. إلا إن مدراء المال بما فيهم مدراء  صناديق التحوط والمضاربين الكبار مازالوا يراهنون على المزيد من الشراء منذ عدة أسابيع مضت  قبل عدم التوافق على حل للازمه الأوربية.
لكن انشقاق أبريطانيا عن قادة الاتحاد الأوروبي بعدم موافقتهم على أحكام التكامل وعدم  كشف لخطة العمل المفصلة ألقى بظلاله على المستثمرين ما جعلهم يشعرون بنوعا من التشاؤم بشأن ما إذا كان يمكن تنفيذ خطة العمل المذكورة أم لا. كما إن تباطؤ الاقتصاد الصين هو أيضا محط اهتمام المستثمرين، حيث انخفضت صادراتها لشهر نوفمبر إلى أدنى مستوى لها منذ 2009، مما دفع البنك المركزي الصيني إلى خفض متطلباته نسبة الاحتياطي من 21.5% إلى 21% مع انخفاض أسعار العقار ومعدل التضخم إلى 4.5%.  
فإن فشل السياسيون الأوربيون لحل مشاكل الديون السيادية اليونانية والإيطالية  سيكون له أثر سلبي على قيمة اليورو الآن ومستقبليا وكذلك ديون الولايات المتحدة وعجز ميزانيتها رغم التوافق عليه له أيضا تأثير سلبي على الثقة في الدولار. فسوف نشاهد بعض البلدان تخفض صرف عملاتها موازيا لم يحدث في منطقة اليورو أما بتخفيضها أو برفعها مثل ما قام به "البنك الوطني السويسري" الأسبوع الماضي بتخفيض قيمة الفرانك السويسري من اجل البحث عن ملاذ آمن بشراء الذهب.
في نهاية المطاف من المحتمل أن يتسبب حل مشاكل الديون السيادية في رفع معدل التضخم مع انخفاض أسعار الفائدة وكذلك تخفيف القيود على السيولة النقدية.  فإذا ما أعلن "الاحتياطي الاتحادي الأمريكي" جولة ثالثة من التخفيف الكمي في 2012 أو إبقاء سعر الفائدة عند معدلها الحالي، فانه من المرجح أن تكون إيجابية بالنسبة للذهب.
كما إن احتمالية خروج أي بلد من الاتحاد الأوربي الجديد سيهدد وحدة النظام المالي والسياسي الأوربي وتتفاقم معه تعثر سداد الديون الأوربية وارتفاع معدل ألمخاطره، فإن التقلبات الحادة في الأسواق المالية وترابط أسعار السندات والأسهم مع أسعار صرف العملات يجعل المستثمرين يفضلون شراء الذهب. فانه من المتوقع أن يواصل اذهب ارتفاعاته في 2012 ، وحتى الآن مازال ذلك مرهونا بفترات المخاطرة وأساسيات أسواق الذهب التي تواجه  استجابة غير مرنة من جانب العرض وندرة الموارد التعدينية. وهذا ما أكده مجلس الذهب العالمي بأن متوسط إنتاج مناجم الذهب بلغ 2500 طن على مدى السنوات القليلة الماضية، حيث يستغرق إنتاج الذهب الجديد في العادة من 5 إلى 10 سنوات، ما يجعل استجابة عرض الذهب غير مرنه لتغيرات في أسعار الذهب إلا بنسبة متدنية في مواجهه صافي الطلب على الذهب من قبل البنوك المركزية الأعلى في 2010 منذ أكثر من عقد من الزمن مع احتمالية إضافة 450 طن من الذهب إلى احيتاطياتها  لهذا العام.
لذا من المتوقع مع ارتفاع الطلب وشحه المعروض أن تواصل أسعار الذهب ارتفاعاتها إلى مستويات قد تصل إلى 2,000 -2200 دولار للأوقية في 2012. لذلك يرى معظم المحللين أن قرار الاستثمار في الذهب خلال السنتين القادمتين قرار له عائد استثماري مجزي في ظل  وجود أزمة الديون وتباطؤ نمو الاقتصاد العالمي وعدم استقرار الأسواق المالية وتقلب صرف العملات الرئيسية، مما سيرفع من معدل مخاطرة  الاحتفاظ ببعض الأصول ذات التذبذب الكبير والغير آمنه مع احتمالية ارتفاع التضخم، ما سيرفع من سعر الذهب بنسبة كبيره في العام الجديد.

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